what are the difference types of physical austerities one can do like ekashana, etc

In Jain philosophy, physical austerities (tapas) are practices aimed at purifying the soul by controlling bodily desires and attachments. One well-known type is Ekāśana, which involves taking only one meal a day, thereby reducing indulgence and promoting self-discipline. Another common austerity is Rātrikā, which entails fasting during the night, abstaining from food after sunset until dawn. These austerities are part of the broader category of external (physical) austerities, which also include practices such as fasting for multiple days, limiting food quantity, and enduring physical hardships voluntarily. The purpose of these austerities is to weaken karmic bonds by reducing passions and attachments, facilitating spiritual progress. Such practices are carefully prescribed and undertaken with the guidance of Jain ethical principles to avoid harm and promote non-violence (ahimsa). While the provided context does not list all specific austerities, Ekāśana and similar fasting methods are central examples of physical austerities in Jainism.